Football Factory Blog

Not Just A Sport In the novel â€Å"Football Factory† written by John King, we follow a group of Chelsea hooligans in the present England. I think of this novel as an extremely realistic and kind of frightening novel. Together, we follow the main character’s life as a football hooligan. The life of the main character is filled with violence, alcohol and sex, in which his lovely friends accompany him. Through the novel we are bound to listen to his friends’ nasty thoughts and actions. At some point in the novel the main character and the boys watches the film Clockwork Orange, as they have done so many times before.The Clockwork Orange is basically just a couple of guys giving beatings and rapes women for the fun of it. This makes me think of Football Factory of an updated version of Clockwork orange, just not to the same extent. In the novel we don’t have the â€Å"normal† narrative-style. We don’t see a real plot in the novel as such. Itâ₠¬â„¢s more like a story going on and on about his life without a greater meaning. One thing in particular I liked about this novel was the fight scenes. At these points in the novel, I would enjoy reading it.I would suddenly become interested and I would read at a fast pace due to the great and realistic writing. When there were no fighting I would keep losing track and get distracted. Our main character starts questioning himself and his own actions while he is being formed into a somewhat reasonable man. He starts believing he isn’t on the right path. Personally I wouldn’t recommend this novel to any of my friends, as I don’t think they would be interested, since the narrative style is far from usual. Otherwise, an interesting novel.

Japan Culture Essay

Japan, officially Nippon, a country off the east coast of Asia. It consists of four large islands- Honshu, Hokkaido, Kyushu, and Shikoku- and more than 3,300 smaller ones, including the Ryukyu chain (Gluck et. al, 1987). Japan lost some of its possessions as a result of World War II. These included the southern part of the island of Sakhalin, the Kurile Islands, Manchuria, Korea, and Taiwan. II. Discussions A. Culture Japanese culture is partly of Chinese origin and partly indigenous, for the Japanese adapted and did not merely imitate the culture of the mainland. Since the middle of the 19th century, Japan has been influenced more by the culture of Western countries than by that of its neighbors. Adoption of many Western ways produced sharp contrasts between the new and the old. Buildings and clothing, for example, are now seen in both traditional and Western styles. Among forces that have helped to mold the Japanese character are Buddhist, Shinto, and Confucian religious beliefs, the effects of a long feudal period, and the influences of Japanese industrial revolution. With industrialization came a change from rural to urban living. American influences have been particularly string since World War II (Hall et. al, 1987). B. The Arts Japanese arts have been strongly influenced by Chinese art. From the mainland came the technique of ink painting on silk and the Buddhist influences in sculpture and painting. A landscape school developed from Zen Buddhism after the 13th century. Japanese prints of the 17th and 18th century had a profound effect in Western art. Distinctive contributions have also been made in architecture. Traditional arts also include landscape gardening; bonsai; the cultivation of dwarf trees; ikebana, flower arranging; ceramics; and origami, paper folding (Beasley, 1987). Flourishing throughout Japan are no, classical plays in which the actors wear masks depicting their character; Bunraku, puppet plays; and kabuki, drama with stylized chanting and dancing. An important part of Japanese culture is the tea ceremony, a highly formal ritual, of which there are many variations (Morton, 1984). As a way of entertaining guests, it is regarded as the best expression of traditional etiquette. Some of the traditional arts- especially classical Japanese music and dance and the tea ceremony- are part of the repertoire of geisha, a female entertainers who perform for groups of men. C. Family and Home In Japan the family is a traditional and strong institution. It has a formal structure with authority vested in the male head of the family. The wife is expected to be subservient. Children learn discipline and their respective roles in the family at an early age. Sons are given preference over daughters, and the eldest son is superior to all others. However, many of the repressive aspects of the family, such as that of parents determining marriages, have weakened since World War II (Morton, 1984). Japanese homes are noted for their simplicity. Nearly all are built of wood. On many homes, paper- covered wooden frames, called shoji, are used for windows and doors. Being light and easily moved, they allow much of the house to be opened to the out-of- doors. Some homes are adjoined by landscaped gardens. Rooms are usually having thick straw mats, called tatami, on the floor and very little furniture. D. Language and Religion The Japanese language is unrelated to other Oriental tongues. However, it is written in characters that originally were adapted from Chinese writing. The Japanese constitution of 1946 provides freedom of religion and separation of church and state. The two major religions are Shinto and Buddhism. Many Japanese adhere, in varying degrees, to both. Confucianism, though not a religion in the Western sense, has had considerable influence on Japanese personal and social relationships. There are some 1,350,000 Christians, of whom about 30 percent are Roman Catholics and about 70 percent are Protestants (Morton, 1984). E. Food and Clothing The Japanese clothing includes the Uchikake, Kimono, Nagajugan, Yukata, Michiyuki, Hakama, Shiro-maku, Haori, and the Accessories like Obi, Shoes, Socks and the like. The Japanese foods includes the Wasabi or the Japanese Horseradish, Donburi which is a bowl of cooked rice, Yakitori or a grilled chicken, Gomaae which is a sesame dressing, Udon or thick Japanese noodles, Gyoza is like dumpling, Tempura which is a deep fry sea –food and vegetables, Korokke is made of potato, Sushi most famous dish outside Japan, Mushrooms or kinoko in Japanese, Soba a native Japanese noodle, Nikujaga composed of the meat and potatoes, Seaweed or kaiso, Ramen a noodle dish. Sashimi which is a raw seafood, Rice which is Japan’s important crop, Okonomiyaki is a combination of a pizza and a pancake; and Soya Bean with the soya sauce or shoyu (Christopher, 1983). F. Politics Japan’s form of government is Constitutional Monarchy. The emperor is the head of the state. Although it is Monarchy, still it is very limited because it is based on the Constitution. Prime minister serves as the President of the government of Japan. The Diet is their body of legislatives, where it is composed of the Representatives elected by the people. Their right of suffrage starts at 20 years old (Morton, 1984). G. Religious Beliefs There are three major religions in Japan and these are Shinto, Buddhism and Christianity. Japanese have these rituals that they are earnestly following. The kami which means a diety, is their god. The kami are of variety forms like those that lived in stobes, hills, and other parts of the environment; those that serves as a protector god; and the diety of the rice wagon (Christopher, 1983). Kami is worshipped at the fields of rice where in they also had their feasts. Shinto focus only on the kami. Buddhism also reached Japan which was then from India. Developments like the rising of commoners, zazen or the meditation, koan or the irrational riddles and the enlightenment which is the satori. The Japanese also believed in kamikaze which is the divine wind, the hara-kiri or the suicide where it is rarely practiced now in Japan, where the Japanese commits suicide whenever they fail from any business they establishes (Christopher, 1983). H. Economics Japan is one of the world’s leading industrial nations, ranking behind only the United States and the Soviet Union. During the 1960’s and early 1970’s, Japan’s gross national product or the GNP grew at the phenomenal average rate of about 11 percent a year- more than twice that of the United States (Packard, 1987). The worst postwar slump came in the mid- 1970’s, when worldwide recession brought high levels of unemployment and inflation and a sharp decline in economic growth. Most of Japan’s postwar economic growth has been due to keen corporate management, a well- educated, industrious labor force, high levels of savings and investment, intensive promotions of industrial development, and vigorous foreign trade. Government has also been a decisive factor. Its influence is powerful and widespread, though exercised mainly though informal, cooperative arrangements with business. Giant conglomerates, many of which are interlocked in manufacturing, finance, and trade, are of prime importance in the economy. Coexisting with them are many small and medium- sized firms. Government ownership of industry and business is negligible, limited mainly to transportation and communication services. There has been little foreign investment in Japan because of numerous governmental restrictions (Gluck et. al, 1987).

How Is Dramatic Meaning Created in the Opening Scene of Forrest gump Essay

Academy Awards, 1995 Golden Globe Awards, 1995 MTVMovie Awards, 1995 People? s Choice Awards, 2005 American Film Institute Awards andvarious other ones. It was an adaption of a novel of the same name, by Winston Groom. Robert Zemeckis was the director of the movie, and he made great decisions about thecamera techniques to be used in each scene. In 1996, a restaurant with the name? Bubba Gump? was open in honour of the movie, and surprisingly there is one in thePeak Galleria in Hong Kong! The opening scene of the movie is filmed very beautifully, especially with thefeather floating in the air, because it creates the mood of the whole piece. Also, themusic and sounds chosen to accompany the opening scene, contributes to the tone of the entire movie. From right the beginning of the film, the feather is already floating around in theair. This white feather is a symbolic object that counts as a sign. The whiteness of itseems to show the purity and innocence Forrest has, and his enthusiastic personality,where he is determined to do whatever it takes to fulfill his own, and his friends andfamilies? dreams. It also seem to symbolize the famous quote that his mom always said,? Life is like a box of chocolates. You never know what you? e gonna get.? With thefeather floating to random places, e. g. on top of cars, on people? s shoulders, on thefloor? It shows how random life can be, and how no one ever knows what lies in theirpath of life, what obstacles they will have to overcome, and what their destiny is. A very interesting effect the feather is shot from in the opening scene is that it isa extreme long shot of different parts of the town, allowing the audience to adapt thesetting of the film into their minds, whilst the feather is shot from multiple angles,sometimes close up, and sometimes using medium shots. With the words and the townbackground, the feather interestingly, is still the focal point of the whole shot, andunintentionally, your eyes follow wherever it is going even when the background ischanged drastically. When the feather is shot in the sky, it is from a low angle, which shows theimportance of it as a sign, so it feels as if the feather is superior to the audience, whoare inferior in this point of the film. There are also several shots of the feather floatingabove the forest with lots of greenery; the colours really contrast, with the white on thegreen, which also helps draw the audience? attention to the tiny white feather in theforeground. The two minutes with the feather as the focal point of the shots are shotfrom different distances and various techniques. Sometimes, the feather is close up, andcomparing it with the size of the buildings in the background, it almost seems bigger. During the whole process of introducing the feather and the symbolism behind it, thecamera technique used is track, because the camera just follows wherever the feathergoes. When the feather lands on a man? s shoulder and on the car, a medium shot isused, and its shot from a high angle. Normally, it is when a low angle is used that the audience feels inferior, but in this situation, the feather still seems somewhat superior,and looking down at it, feels like the audience is looking at the whole theory of life usinga different point of view. With various examples of the feather landing on differentplaces, it shows how many unexpected things could happen in life, and no one knowswhat their destiny will be. After floating for a long time in the wind, the feather finally ends up on theground next to Forrest Gump’s shoe and stops moving. A close up of the shoe along withthe feather is taken, which emphasizes once again, the importance of the feather, andthe shoe as well. So far, the camera technique used is still tracking. The shoe is also asign because it shows how Forrest has managed to overcome many obstaclesthroughout life, to be in the position he is now. The shoe is significant, because as achild, Forrest had a problem with his spine, so he couldn? t walk properly. He starts running and breaks his leg braces, and through all thepain and suffering, manages to start running, and learns that his legs are functional. Soespecially since his shoes are dirty in the shot, it portrays that he has worked very hardand overcame many obstacles wearing those shoes. Also, Forrest states that his motheralways says ? Shoes can tell a lot about a person. Where they go. Where they havebeen.? The close up continues on when Forrest picks up the feather with his hand, andduring that instance, a tilt is used where the audience looks at Forrest from his feet upto his head. This is a great way to introduce the character. Whilst Forrest examining thefeather, the audience sees just the top half of his body, which means that a mediumshot was used. It is effective to use a medium shot for this part of the film, because theaudience should really focus on the facial expression on Forrest? s face to see what hefeels about the feather. The medium shot continues to be in use when Forrest placesthe feather in his suitcase. A track is used to show Forrest using a medium shot once again afterwards, toshow him staring into the difference, this quickly cuts into a long shot of him still lookinginto the distance. A sense of mystery is created because the audience members want tofind out what is so interesting that he keeps on staring at. Then, a bus comes along andblocks the view of Forrest, and the connection between the audience and Forrest isbroken. The camera remains still until the woman who comes off the bus sits on thebench next to Forrest. A zoom is used here, which is quite effective, because essentially,the audience really wants to know what will happen between Forrest and this woman. Most likely, they will begin chatting, which is why there is a zoom used to basically seewhat will happen. After a bit of chatting between the two, the camera quickly zoomsinto a close up of Forrest? s face. This is a very important and beneficial shot, because itgradually slips into the next scene here. Where Forrest starts squinting his eyes? Overall, a variety of camera movements, angles and distances are used in theopening scene of the well ? known film Forrest Gump. The main sign is the feather,which is in nearly the whole of the opening scene. The significance of it is shown withthe comparison to Forrest? s mothers? theory of life.

Natural approach method Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Natural approach method - Essay Example This approach to teaching has a socio-economic impact to all those involved. Individuals can get to exchange ideas with different people from other countries, which use different languages to communicate (Larsen-Freeman 183). This opens doors for globalization and industrialization. This paper will examine the approach, and its impact in today’s society. Based on works that were produced in the late 19th century, this approach was formed to better understand the critical nature of language. The aspects involved in the implementation of the approach were a step in the right direction. The socio-economic implications of having the ability to comprehend the knowledge surrounding languages were tremendous (Larsen-Freeman 187). It created a demand for the practical use of all disciplines available. New approaches were developed to cater to the rising need to have an understanding on the living languages. Time and lack of proper technology restricted teachers in that era to teach and listen to different languages. However, the introduction of a phonetic alphabet made work much easier. They could use this avenue to listen for sound and information. Through such techniques, this information would be passed on to the learner. Pronunciation and enunciation would then form the basis of their lessons. Visual aids and teacher-talk made this theory practical and intelligible. A positive impact in the learning process was made possible through these methods, and comprehensible input put into account by all those involved (Larsen-Freeman 191). This is especially by the learners. The main idea of the approach is to increase the competence of a learner in the communication level (Richards and Rodgers 179). It is not meant to be a grammatical perfection exercise. Emphasis is placed on listening as the teachers present the learner with an easy approach to understanding the material. This is what is referred to as input,

Concert Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 3

Concert Report - Essay Example One of the most interesting facts of the next composition is that it was composed in 1808, the same year when Beethoven presented his 5th Symphony. There have been many gossips on that subject, though there are some concerns even nowadays. But I absolutely had no time thinking of this when music, pleasant to my ears, was played by talented musicians. The initial G minor nailed me at the chair but, changed with the downward movement, it slowed down into the more peaceful theme which was proceeded by upward movement again. Such radical changes were keeping some tension close to curiosity. That was my favorite part of â€Å"Symphony No.1 g minor† because there was no time to adjust to one direction and you were left as if you were standing at the crossroad. With the help of profound and tense manner, which was emphasized by the use of violins, there was a feeling of a pleasant relief as if you caught the last train that should be caught by everyone, at least, once in life.That co ncert became a fusion of emotional experience intertwining with the intellectual one, making both to feel the music and to understand where its roots are coming from. Usually at once after the performance, my friends start asking me questions if I liked it or not, what impressed me the most or if there was anything new. But they know, if I am keeping silence, it means that it was awesome, and I want to keep those emotions for as long as possible, living through them again in my mind and in my heart. The same happened that Sunday.

Schools, Teaching, and Supervision Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Schools, Teaching, and Supervision - Essay Example My supervisory platform will be based on the philosophy of experimentalism because on a personal level, I believe in the importance of co-operation and team work under a centralized leadership, as opposed to an authoritarian system. As an educational leader, a supervisor’s role is very important but complicated, necessitating the need for input from the various stakeholders in the education process in order to ensure that the output is both comprehensive and current. Even though many people do not like acknowledging this fact, leaders are guided to a large extent by their own beliefs and that is why experimentalism is core. According to Fairfield, a supervisory platform founded on the philosophy of experimentalism is best because of the volatile nature of information and innovation. Technological advancements have had a significant effect on the overall way by which teachers are used in classrooms and how students acquire information. For example, the emergence of the internet as an education tool has impacted on the student-teacher relationship. In the former epochs, the teacher was viewed as more of a provider of knowledge. However, nowadays, the teachers are viewed as being as being supervisors in the classroom, responsible for guiding the way that students acquire information, through the aid of a supervisor, who is responsible for setting up an educational curriculum (Fairfield, 2009). The internet and other technological advancements have challenged the conventional responsibility of teachers, since students can easily and conveniently acquire information on any subject due to the accessibility of educational material on an online platform. Consequently, this has necessitated the need for a more radical approach regarding the role of the teacher and that of a supervisor. That is why my personal supervisory platform will be based on experimentalism, which places emphasis on a more pragmatic approach to learning by focusing on a flexible curriculum for

Water wars the Middle East Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Water wars the Middle East - Essay Example Fresh water is a very important resource that is in short supply and continuously diminishing in numerous regions across the globe. In barren, semi-arid, and desert regions, like the Middle East, water shortages are a serious problem. Regions lacking access to adequate supply of water resources had witnessed vicious competitions for fresh water supplies since ancient times.   The likelihood of conflict is aggravated by the fact that numerous major rivers extend to the territories of various nations, and political boundaries partition underground water tables. Proponents of the water wars hypothesis cite numerous subjective proofs to substantiate their assumption that conflicts over access to water resources will lead to wars, like the statement of former Egyptian President Anwar Sadat that Egypt will soon fight over water resources, or the warnings of Turkey to discontinue water supply from Euphrates to the detriment of Iraq.   However, these predictions are not actually backed u p by evidence, and are filled with methodological weaknesses. Declaring a trend, like what Peter Gleick, a well-known environmental security scholar, did is unjustifiable because Gleick and others do not take into consideration the earlier prevalence of conflicts over water, which requires a comparison between the prevalence of actual instances of conflict and the number of such instances across the globe.   The examination of present and future situations is also subjective and unreliable, and the affirmation of a trend is not supported.

Destination Management - Japan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Destination Management - Japan - Essay Example Also, international tourism receipts reached a record of US$1.030 trillion, up from US$928 billion in 2010. Tourism growth worldwide will be at a more moderate rate of 3.3% per year as compared to the average of 4.2% witnessed over the last six decades. The presence of emerging economies will add an average of 30 million arrivals per year, compared to 14 million from advanced economies. As a result, there will be a shift in the global market share by 2030. Japan Tourism is relatively a new attraction in Japan. In 2003, the first initiative was established to attract 10 million international visitors to Japan by 2010. This was later updated in 2007 to grasp a better understanding of foreign visitors and to increase satisfaction with the hope of creating repeat visits. As the country continued with efforts to make the shift from being a â€Å"Trade Nation† to â€Å"Tourism Nation,† the central government enacted its first tourism policy, making tourism a priority. As a re sult, the Japan Tourism Agency was created in order to promote the country abroad. The Japanese economy is facing many challenges, most notably a lower birth rate and aging population. Tourism brought US$608 billion (4.9% of GDP), while creating employment for 4.06 million people, and 6.3% of total employment during 2009. Okinawa Tourism has traditionally flourished in Okinawa. Regarded as the â€Å"Hawaii of Japan†, it has been a popular destination for domestic visitors, accounting for 95% of total domestic arrivals. The contribution of tourism to GDP in 2009 was 4.6%, which is quite significant when compared to other â€Å"big destinations† in the world (USA - 3.4%, Australia - 4.3%, France - 3.7%, and Japan - 3.4%. Okinawa is uniquely situated within a 1,500 kilometer radius from most major cities in Southeast Asia; however, the percentage of international tourist arrivals from this area is low. The advantages compared to other beach destinations like Bali, Phuket, and Cebu are accessibility, safety, and cleanliness. For the last few years, the share of the international markets, especially from Mainland China, Hong Kong, Shanghai, and Korea, grew steadily with a visa relaxation scheme and additional flights. In order to develop an untapped market, analysis and research on a destination competitive environment is evaluated. Destination Management Tourism is no longer about changing cultures and history; the industry has evolved into a brand. The results of the Travel and Tourism Competitive Index and Country Brand Index are used to evaluate countries’ progress over time in each category. This is necessary to improve a country’s competitiveness, growth, and prosperity. Although Japan has a strong country brand, it scored poorly in its affinity of the country and must strengthen the country’s creative and innovative industries. Okinawa can benefit from Japan’s strong country brand to develop its competitive identity. The second part of the section studies the structure and role of the government in tourism development. The transparency of tourism organizations in Okinawa is questionable. For an industry that is economically significant, tourism is weak politically. The government needs to be inclusive and engage participative decision makers and influencers in destination management. In the event of a crisis, it is the government’s role to provide ample opportunities for the media to gain access full and accurate information in

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Learning Research Paper

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Learning - Research Paper Example Although the disorder is present in both sexes, it is most common in males. ADHD is a disorder where the child has problems with being highly impulsive, exhibiting over-activity or inattentiveness, or some combination of these three aspects (PubMed Health). ADHD is the most commonly diagnosed behavioral disorder in children and the most well studied (Myayes, Bagwell and Erkulwater 1). Children with ADHD tend to have a much higher level of activity than normal children and often act impulsively. The principle of ADHD is heavily debated, as all children show some degree of this behavior, especially in early age (Myayes, Bagwell and Erkulwater 15-16). ADHD is a complex disorder and the exact symptoms that children show can differ significantly from one another (Lougy and Rosenthal 22). This case study considers Alice, a ten-year-old girl who has ADHD and experiences considerable learning difficulties and problems establishing friendships as the result of this disorder. Literature Review Diagnosis of ADHD ADHD has a range of symptoms, which are generally grouped into three categories. These are impulsive behavior, hyperactivity, and lack of attention. There are nine diagnostic symptoms for inattentiveness, five for hyperactivity and three for impulsivity. ADHD is a difficult disorder to diagnose, as many of the behaviors can be associated with other conditions as well as normal behaviors that occur as part of childhood. The complexity of the symptoms means that there are many children who are incorrectly diagnosed with ADHD, and others who have ADHD but have not been diagnosed. One of the difficulties in diagnosing ADHD is that the symptoms are only evident at some points in time, most commonly during school hours. A child with ADHD generally does not show the symptoms during a physician’s visit, and so other people must be the source of this information (Myayes, Bagwell and Erkulwater 5). In fact, children are often first diagnosed with ADHD when they enter school because many of the behaviors associated with ADHD do not appear to be abnormal without the increased demands on attention, sitting still and following a direction that is present in the school environment (Lougy and Rosenthal 22). In addition, ADHD often co-occurs with other disorders, and some of the behavioral symptoms that are part of ADHD also occur as part of other disorders (Myayes, Bagwell and Erkulwater 20).To assist in diagnosis; the American Academy of Pediatrics recommends the following guidelines. That child has at least six symptoms from either impulsivity and hyperactivity, or six from the attention category, some of which began prior to seven years of age.

Senior Project - Team Video Analysis Report Essay - 1

Senior Project - Team Video Analysis Report - Essay Example Without clear goals or a financial projection, the ideas are being tossed at the team who is left feeling vulnerable and without direction. 6. Team members do not know how to organize and create strategy. It is clear that the basic tools of strategic management are outside of the knowledge of most of the team. This means that a part of the team is not working up to their potential, decreasing the efficiency with which goals are met. The head of the company is unaware of the steps that were taken to create the success that she has achieved. The problem with this lack of understanding is that she is unable to create a future without having a clear picture of the past. Understanding the importance of the past is the first step in creating a strategic methodology for continuing into the future. Charting how the company was built, all the milestones and the ways in which they were achieved would allow for Elizabeth to create a clearer picture of how her company evolved. Recognizing how she was prepared for opportunities and how she utilized those opportunities would give her a better grasp of her current success. In addition, she needs to look for lost opportunities and how she can be better prepared from them in the future. Once this understanding has been developed, she can move forward to create the business plan that she needs to continue her success. In order to address the problem of a business plan, Elizabeth needs to establish what her company stands for in regard to its mission and goals. This development of a business plan will provide a framework for expansion as new markets are examined for potential benefit. Through a clear statement of who the business and how it operates, she can better establish a strategic plan towards the future. The business plan needs to be built upon the establishment of a mission statement. A mission statement will help to define the business so that it can stay

Case study in sustainability and justice Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

In sustainability and justice - Case Study Example This approach will develop robust and flexible strategies for ensuring success and development. One recommendation is that the company should be engaged in protection of the forests which was identified as a major strategy to fight pollution. The project should be started with the assistance of government and international environmental protection agencies. The project will aim to raise awareness towards protecting the ecosystem and providing services to indigenous communities. Water and energy consume resources at the facilities that are operated by the organization. The company should aim to reduce the water and energy consumption by thirty percent within a span of ten years. Proposals have also been given to use alternative sources of energy like wind and solar. Another initiative should be to adhere to local and international standards for the creation of green buildings. These guidelines are enforced based upon the requirements of the building codes of different countries. Dynam ic leadership is required in order to implement the sustainability practices that can lead to success of the organization. The leader places novel and original ideas into the organization. The leadership preserves and sustains the normal day to day affairs of the organization. ... The leader has to know about the details of the operations and structures of the organization. This is because the leadership has to focus on the short term objectives and goals of the organization. The leader has to focus on the broad principles which will help the company to achieve success. They are also concerned with duplication and replication of the organizational structures and process. The leader on the other hand creates novel and original ideas for the administration and supervision of the organization. Introduction Sabic is a large petroleum company that is based in Saudi Arabia. It is a public organization with the majority of shareholder by Saudi government. It has operations in 40 countries. As an individual, I want to join the supply chain management profession. Sabic is operating in the petroleum industry where it is already under scrutiny for practices that seem to threaten the local environment. Hence there is the need for a comprehensive strategy that can be used to attain long term success. Proposed Sustainable Development Recommendations Another key strategy by the petroleum industry must be to increase awareness about sustainable living among communities. This strategy helps to create an image that the organization is dedicated towards environment protection. Training the work force is essential for the success of the program. Another impressive strategy should be to empower local communities and towns. This creates a sense of corporate social responsibility. It enables local communities to provide work force, products, and services to the industry. Several companies have created new business accords with their supply chain partners. Vendors and suppliers are encouraged to sell eco-friendly

The American Holocaust Essay Example for Free

The American Holocaust Essay This text really showed the huge downfall of the Native American people. I had no idea that there were so many Native American Indians before the Europeans came. All texts I read seemed to downplay or not list the number of them here. It says in the text, North and South America contained between 90,000,000 and more than 112,000,000 people before the coming of the Spanish. That was compared to only 60 million to 70 million in Europe. The diseases really wiped out what seemed to be great civilizations of people. It also surprises me that people tried to justify invading and capturing these people even very recently, within the lifetime of my parents. It is sad hearing how much people hated races that they knew very little about but also encouraging that people have changed over recent years to be more understanding of them. The authors term of moral epistemology of imperialism is the original thinking that justified colonizing the Americas originally. The major historians of the time and for a great amount of time after were European. This made it easy to write books and shape history to make it look like they were doing the right thing. They were colonizing knowledge but putting their spin on it, people would only learn what the white scholars of the time wanted people to learn. Epistemic violence was forcing the European epistemology on the rest of the world, in this case the Native Americans. The Spanish used a combination of military force along with disease and the cruelest forms of death to completely cripple the Native American empires. After some time, the Natives just stopped fighting back because they were mentally broken (as well as physically). The author says, When there were among prisoners some women who had recently given birth, if the newborn babes happen to cry, they seized them by the legs and hurled them against the rocks or flung them into the jungle so they would be certain to die there and also says, In the face of utter hopelessness, the Indians began simply surrendering their lives. Some committed suicide. This form of pacifism gave the Spaniards anything and everything they wanted in the New World without really having to fight anymore after a time. The author says, the term the Spanish used to describe their campaign of terror, pacification. When disease or force of arms werent enough, like against the  Aztecs, the Spanish were simply able to out smart the Native Americans and find other ways to take what they wanted. To the various competing Indian polities at the time the Spanish were simply another group, albeit an alien one, seeking to gain political dominance in central Mexico. As such, although the first people the Spanish confronted, the Tlaxcaltecs, could easily have defeated the conquistadors, they saw in them instead potential confederates against their tradition adversaries. The Church didnt do anything to stop this. They consider non-Christians, and more specifically Natives, sub-human so the Spanish conquerors didnt feel bad doing what they did. This text shows the need for more critical thinking in the field of religion by telling us how many skewed views of history there are. There needs to be more study with un-biased views on minority religions. The author gave multiple examples of people who wrote books and still showed an extreme bias against the Native Americans. This text shows a real similarity between Africa and Native Americans. Both had complex civilizations that were taken over and colonized by Europeans. It is amazing how similar both are in that disease and a superiorly equipped European army caused the downfall of some great empires.

Advantages Of A Sole Proprietorship Business Essay

Advantages Of A Sole Proprietorship Business Essay According to Investor words .com, macro environment is the external elements that exist outside of a companys control that can significantly impact its performance and ability to compete in its marketplace. Examples of macro environment elements are the economy, government policy-making, technology, social conditions, and nature. For companies with a global foot-print, their exposure to macro environment elements is magnified. In other hand, according to Business Dictionary, macro environment is The major external and uncontrollable factors that influence an organizations decision making, and affect its performance and strategies. These factors include the economic factors; demographics; legal, political, and social conditions; technological changes; and forces. Specific examples of macro environment influences include competitors, changes in interest rates, changes in cultural tastes, disastrous weather, or government regulations. Body A business and its forces in its micro environment operate in larger macro environment of forces that shape opportunities and pose threats to the business. It refers the major external and uncontrollable factors that influence an organizations decision making, and affect its performance and strategies. These factors are Economic Factors The most important external economic influence on a business is the level of competitiveness in its market. This factor determines how much profit a company can make. Other factors, like consumer demand, tax rates and interest rates, affect businesses by determining how much people are willing to pay for their products and how much of the resultant revenue must be given to the government. Social Factors Social factors determine what a business can and cannot do. Businesses that engage in racist marketing campaigns or abuse their employees may be subjected to boycotts, divestment campaigns, and other devastating forms of social backlash. Thus, social mores determine the informal rules that businesses must play by. Legal Factors Laws determine the formal rules that businesses have to play by. Business laws deal with competition: for example, no monopolies; employment: minimum wage; and taxation; among other things. Businesses that form illegal monopolies, for example, may be subjected to lawsuits and broken up into smaller businesses. Because the penalties for corporate malfeasance are so severe, most businesses take the law very serious. Political Factors Political issues occasionally come to influence the activities of the business community. Corporations often spend many billions of dollars lobbying to influence political decision makers for this reason. Businesses may get involved in politics, for example, when their international operations come under fire from human rights groups, or when a high-profile politician recommends an increase in corporate taxes. Environmental Factors Environmental factors have profound effects on the way businesses operate. The availability of natural resources in a given area determines whether resource companies could profit from operating there. The presence of pollution determines whether it is safe for businesses to put employees in a certain area. Environmental laws regulate the extent to which businesses themselves are able to pollute. Conclusion Macro is large and environment is world. Marco environment is large number of force which operates. Macro environment is very important to the economy factors because the level strongly wanting to be more successful than other people.Sosial factors is what to make something develop in a particular way or be of a particular type in business. When we involve in macro environment, we should follow the law of .Dont try in legal factor as well. Politics issue is happening or done from time to time to make business more interesting. Last but no list, environmental factors is showing great knowledge or understanding the way make business operate. Introduction Sole Proprietorship A sole proprietorship is the simplest and most common structure chosen to start a business. It is an unincorporated business owned and run by one individual with no distinction between the business and you, the owner. You are entitled to all profits and are responsible for all your businesss debts, losses and liabilities. Partnership A partnership is a single business where two or more people share ownership. Each partner contributes to all aspects of the business, including money, property, labour or skill. In return, each partner shares in the profits and losses of the business. Because partnerships entail more than one person in the decision-making process, its important to discuss a wide variety of issues up front and develop a legal partnership agreement. This agreement should document how future business decisions will be made, including how the partners will divide profits, resolve disputes, change ownership (bring in new partners or buy out current partners) and how to dissolve the partnership. Although partnership agreements are not legally required, they are strongly recommended and it is considered extremely risky to operate without one. Body Sole Proprietorship Forming a Sole Proprietorship You do not have to take any formal action to form a sole proprietorship. As long as you are the only owner, this status automatically comes from your business activities. In fact, you may already own one without knowing it. If you are a freelance writer, for example, you are a sole proprietor. But like all businesses, you need to obtain the necessary licenses and permits. Regulations vary by industry, state and locality. Use the Licensing Permits tool to find a listing of federal, state and local permits, licenses and registrations youll need to run a business. If you choose to operate under a name different than your own, you will most likely have to file a  fictitious name  (also known as an assumed name, trade name, or DBA name, short for doing business as). You must choose an original name; it cannot already be claimed by another business. Advantages of a Sole Proprietorship Easy and inexpensive to form: A sole proprietorship is the simplest and least expensive business structure to establish. Costs are minimal, with legal costs limited to obtaining the necessary license or permits. Complete control. Because you are the sole owner of the business, you have complete control over all decisions. You arent required to consult with anyone else when you need to make decisions or want to make changes.   Easy tax preparation. Your business is not taxed separately, so its easy to fulfil the tax reporting requirements for a sole proprietorship. The tax rates are also the lowest of the business structures. Partnership Types of Partnerships  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   There are three general types of partnership arrangements: General Partnerships  assume that profits, liability and management duties are divided equally among partners. If you opt for an unequal distribution, the percentages assigned to each partner must be documented in the partnership agreement. Limited Partnerships  (also known as a partnership with limited liability) are more complex than general partnerships. Limited partnerships allow partners to have limited liability as well as limited input with management decisions. These limits depend on the extent of each partners investment percentage. Limited partnerships are attractive to investors of short-term projects. Joint Ventures  act as general partnership, but for only a limited period of time or for a single project. Partners in a joint venture can be recognized as an ongoing partnership if they continue the venture, but they must file as such. Advantages of a Partnership Easy and Inexpensive.  Partnerships are generally an inexpensive and easily formed business structure. The majority of time spent starting a partnership often focuses on developing the partnership agreement. Shared Financial Commitment.  In a partnership, each partner is equally invested in the success of the business. Partnerships have the advantage of pooling resources to obtain capital. This could be beneficial in terms of securing credit, or by simply doubling your seed money. Complementary Skills.  A good partnership should reap the benefits of being able to utilize the strengths, resources and expertise of each partner. Partnership Incentives for Employees.  Partnerships have an employment advantage over other entities if they offer employees the opportunity to become a partner. Partnership incentives often attract highly motivated and qualified employees. Conclusion Choosing a sole proprietorship to start your business is a relatively simple process. In fact, you elect this business set up by default if you prefer not to go through a more formal set up with an LLC or corporation. A sole proprietorship has no formal paperwork requirements unless you have to file for state or local business registration or professional licensing. The fact that a sole proprietorship is the simplest way to go into business has great appeal for many entrepreneurs. If you want to start a small one-man repair shop, writing business or lawn care service, the thought of going through tedious paperwork filing and keeping up with documentation requirements may not seem appealing. By opting for a sole proprietor setup, you simply start your company, promote it, do the work, and collect the money.

Social Media and Law Enforcement | Essay

Social Media and Law Enforcement | Essay Social media is becoming routine in everyday interactions, including being involved with crime. While there has been an increase in using it to start and partake in crime, there has also been an interest in using it to help combat and solve crimes. There are many ways social media can be used to aid the Police, one is by visiting the pages which the user has updated themselves to see if they have inadvertently disclosed information which could hold them accountable for certain crimes by either revealing a picture or information relevant to the crime which has been committed, or noticing a change in lifestyle as a result from the offense. These could be monitored by the Police or sent in as a tip from a source which could lead to the crime being solved quicker than without social media. Studies within America have the support of the Police force and would like to use social media more within investigations, however lack of education on the subject means time could be wasted by not understanding the information as well as finding it. There is also a fine line with using social media to find information relevant to the crime and using this irresponsibly and finding information through unethical means. The public have also been using social media to help solve their own crimes by drumming up interest and getting others involved and talking about the topics to build publicity to solve a crime. These could have been achieved through the loss of a person or pet or by attending an event where the organisers actively promoting social media use to keep the peace within an event. These have then stemmed into other websites being set up based around this to help solve crimes for the future. When the general public get hold of information regarding criminals, they have taken it upon themselves to publicise this within their community to warn other people of the dangers within the local area. This has had drastic effects, especially when promoting about individuals who have served their time for crimes in the past. There have been on-going debates over whether this information has been allowed to be disclosed and resulted in several court battles with pages from the internet being removed as the information is not theirs to disclose. Within the UK, large scale crimes have resulted in companies setting up various pages online and through social media to help solve crimes and promote safe environments. Due to this, there is already a large network of active users who can help promote these messages and support them in reducing crimes. These need to be modified and adapted within the constraints of the companies, which are largely cost based, in order for them to become sustainable for the future in solving crimes. Introduction In September 2012, Facebook reached 1 billion users worldwide (Fowler, 2012) with Twitter following in second place with over 500 million users (Herngaard, 2012). The audience, therefore, to potentially help prevent or to initiate crimes through social media is huge and constantly growing with more people joining these websites and others every day. Social media including Twitter and Facebook are a tool used by the masses for inciting disorderly behaviour. However, as much as social media is being used to start antisocial behaviour, it is also being used to try to combat these actions and be used in a more productive and constructive way. Information Present Through Social Media Since social media gained popularity, the public are more willing to disclose private information through these to friends or acquaintances. On Facebook, a study undertaken in 2005 disclosed that only 0.03% of profiles investigated showed no information of value which could be used to either identify individuals or to source information about individuals (Gross Acquisti, 2005). From this, social media users enable themselves to being visible to anyone who comes across their personal page. This is also the same for Twitter users whose profile is automatically public unless the privacy settings are configured. Therefore many people could be unknowingly uploading personal information about themselves which could be accessed by criminals, their employers or even the Police. Trotter (2012) mentions that social media is a means for communication, but it is increasingly a source of information for the police, which is true of particular cases. Certain criminals including Michael Baker from Kentucky, USA posted a picture of himself siphoning petrol from a Police car on Facebook which later led to his arrest over the crime (Siu, 2012). While this case is obvious to the police that the user has committed the crime, other more subtle ways have been used such as flaunting goodies which have been stolen or bought through crime. LexisNexis (2012) investigated over 12000 law enforcement professionals and showed that 69% questioned had use social media as part of crime investigation. The main reason this is not used more thoroughly is due to lack of training or lack of use within office hours or computers. If more law enforcement professionals were able to use social media within office time, this could help officers within investigations to speed up finding information on top of what has been readily provided, with 67% people questioned agreeing that it will solve investigations quicker. This would lead to more time during the working day to work on other investigations, and in turn solving more crimes than before. Current uses of Social Media by Police Keeping up with innovation, multiple local authorities within the UK, including the Metropolitan Police, are setting up Facebook pages to create awareness within the community. However, in such an early state of social media being used by the Police, many disclaimers indicate that this is not a method to report a crime but to promote public safety and campaigns within the area. This has increased the visibility of the police forces which may be useful if using social media in the future to help report and solve crime as there will already be a base of users readily connected to the service. The reason that these websites cannot be used to report crimes is due to the lack of Police man hours which could be spent monitoring these websites. Lothian and Borders Police in Scotland are one of the first forces in the country to actively allow Facebook users to report crimes online through their Made from Crime initiative, launched August 2011 (Cotton, 2011). The site was to catch criminals who are living beyond their means using the proceeds of crime by allowing anonymous tips through the Facebook page or Crimestoppers Website. Crimestoppers have also launched an application for use on smartphones called TipSumbit to help report crimes in USA through tips or videos directly to the Police (Urbaszewski, 2012). Both of these methods allow the user to remain anonymous which can be a certain appeal for witnesses. However, with both communications being relatively new to the field, there is limited monitoring by the Police so tips sent in may not be read and acted upon instantly, which could lead to the information becoming out of date. This could be counteracted by employing more employees within the police in UK, however, due t o government budget cuts; the police force has been declining for the last couple of years with over 24,000 police jobs being lost since the general elections (Burns-Murdoch, 2012). For an application or website such as these to work efficiently a significant amount of money would needed to be invested into it for it to have a chance to succeed. The current economic situation in this country is one of many reasons why this improvement in reporting crimes is occurring at a slow pace and has not taken off nationwide. Leveson Inquiry In 2012, the Leveson Inquiry was brought about after there were breaches in the privacy of both celebrities and the general public which warranted the investigation into the media and how it acted. It recommended a new independent body to moderate the press. Although this is regarding the current press, which is mainly newspapers, similar findings can be applied to social media as news is slowly moving into online media including social media so the recommendation from Leveson can be used for the data provided on social media websites. Leveson (2012) concludes that there have been too many times when, chasing the story, parts of the press have acted as if its own code, which it wrote, simply did not exist. This could be used to describe the Police using social media to support investigations it undertakes when looking for evidence online. The Police have not been trained to use it, nor is the data valid so using it would be a breach of ethics. The information, although has been proved useful in certain cases, if its not obvious, could lead to the Police jumping the bandwagon and following a suspect who may not be the person they are looking for or hold an individual responsible for a crime they did not commit if the information they have provided online was misinterpreted. As all data inputted through social media is self-edited, it may not be truthful, so should not be taken for granted. This is where using social media to help solve or understand crimes is unreliable due to the freedom people have with what they post and upload to these websites. Self Policing The general public has tried to use social media itself to self-promote crimes to help solve them. This has worked well through certain websites, mainly twitter, to drum up publicity for the crime to solve it. The majority of cases where this has worked are when a pet has been stolen, such as Charley, a 12 week old bulldog who was stolen and found through twitter due to friends and family tweeting about the puppy to drum up interest (BBC, 2012). Through the combined effort of conversation online and people talking about the missing dog offline, Charley was discovered. This may not have happened, or at least not as quickly, if the attention had not been brought to the front of the publics mind through twitter. Small firms, such as one in Erie, Pennsylvania, have created their own Facebook sites to publicise lost pets with their owners and have achieved a 50% success rate with users of the site (Van Rheenen, 2012). This could prove to be more effective than twitter as the focus of the website is on missing pets, however, visitors may not go onto the website if they have not lost a pet themselves. The rescue efforts would then be limited to active users of the website. Certain companies have also tried to rally consumers at large events to help report crimes as they occur during the affair. This occurred at Download Festival 2010 where the promoters encouraged festival goers to tweet through a monitored twitter stream any problems occurring at the festival. There was a 41% reduction in crime compared to the year before (BBC, 2010a). Due to decrease in crime at this large event, other festival organisers could use this as it seemed to have a beneficial effect on the customers by improving their safety. Controversial Facebook Pages As mentioned earlier, one major problem with the Police using social media to report or help solve crime is the lack of funding to use it as a reliable resource set up and monitored through the Police. This has led to groups of individuals creating Facebook groups to warn others of the problems within their local communities. The most publicised case of its kind was in Northern Ireland where Keeping our Kids safe from Predators was launched. At first it was used by parents to alert others about paedophiles in the local area which has been brought about more through Sarahs Law, which is a Child Sex Offender Disclosure Scheme which allows parents to ask the Police whether or not a person with access to their child is a sex offender (BBC, 2010b). This does not provide as much information as Megans Law in America which also provides parents with information such as addresses of paedophiles. The information provided through this should be given to the parents who ask for it and not passed on to others. Information obtained through this has been made public on Facebook pages which have led to convicted criminals being the centre of hatred from the wider community. One unnamed offender claimed the content found on the website was a breech to his right for privacy which led to degrading treatment through the site. This in turn led to actions against him in the real world which jeopardised his safety. This individual was convicted and charged for his crimes over 20 years ago and believed he had served his time; however the parents within the community did not and deemed him still to be a danger to society, which escalated into the abuse online. A judge ruled that the man was within his rights to a private life, regardless of past convictions and the page was shut down within 72 hours (Silverman, 2012), however follow up pages have been set up but not to the extent of the original one. The results from this case have produced an on-going discussion to whether or not parents should be allowed to publicise information they have obtained to protect local children. However, this case has confirmed that criminals have a right to privacy, no matter how long ago they were convicted. Nevertheless, from this, there could be a way for parents to be able to obtain the information, such as maps of areas (large enough not to be able to identify individuals from it) to show if they live in a high risk area of criminals. This could give parents peace of mind without having to obtain sensitive information from the Police. Though, the Police have limited resources so producing and maintaining a system such as this would be unfeasible at the moment. Funding could become available if there was an increased demand for this and if they could prove it would be worthwhile for the communities exposing the privacy of past criminals. The London Riots In Summer 2011, riots broke out across the country after starting in London. There was a large presence online with starting and organising riots, but also with helping to clean up after the riot. Crimestoppers, a crime fighting charity, reported a large increase in twitter followers during the riot which it used to promote ways to report crimes or posted pictures of crimes happening in the local areas to help the Police with their investigations (Hall, 2012). They regarded social media as a quick effective way to contact the public to give information about the rioters including where to avoid. Additionally, the Metropolitan Police also set up a Flickr site after the riots to try and catch criminals who were still at large (London Disorder Haringey, 2012). Although they do not promote this, it is still present on the internet for anyone to use and to come forward with any additional information they have. After the riots, Crimestoppers set up several online ways it can provide information to the public as well as receive tips about crimes through their website. A sizable network of followers on Twitter and their website means that if a large scale crime was to occur again, Crimestoppers would be well equipped to provide information to the public and would probably gain tips quicker and in greater numbers. Although Crimestoppers only allows crimes not of an urgent nature to be reported on their website, if the demand increased for reporting crimes online, more employees could be used to monitor the tips on the website which would be answered quicker. Recommendations From addressing the points within this report, it is clear that the general public needs to be educated with regards to social media. As it is a relatively new technology, the rules and regulations regarding this are being modified everyday when a new problem arises. A school in Somerset has started to address problems within social media by teaching students about it as part of the curriculum (Walker, 2012). This will assist new users of the dangers of writing information online and who is able to see it. This should be introduced nationwide as lessons such as this are invaluable for children as it can open their eyes to the dangers of what they post online. Using social media as a way of reporting crimes is a difficult issue to address. Due to the lack of funding within the Police which is constantly being cut by the government and charities such as Crimestoppers relying solely on money raised for the website to still operate, the chances of a network being set up and managed on a 24 hour basis may not happen within the next few years. However, using social media to monitor criminals and crime taking place would be a cheaper way to fight crime as no infrastructure would need to be set up as they would use the established social networks. Training would need to be undertaken by the officers who would be responsible for monitoring to avoid such blunders as shown by the Lothian and Borders Police in Scotland (Enoch, 2012) where Police Officers were seen befriending criminals. Strict budget cuts are forever present within the Police, so finding the money and time for officers training for social media may prove costly and ineffective in the long run. An alternative way could be to hire an external online research company as they would have greater knowledge on the subject. This could be cheaper than in house but as the Police need to be secure with all information obtained and used within investigations, this may not be a suitable solution. However, until the issue of cost is overcome within the Police, then the recommendations cannot become a reality.

Essay --

The tensions that would ultimately produce the 2013 shutdown began to take shape after Republicans, strengthened by the emergence of the Tea Party, won back a majority of the seats in the House of Representatives from the Democrats in 2010.[19][20][21][22] Even at that time, some conservative activists and Tea Party-affiliated politicians were already calling on congressional Republicans to be willing to shut down the government in order to force congressional Democrats and the President to agree to deep cuts in spending and to repeal the Affordable Care Act, which had been signed into law only a few months earlier. Former Speaker of the House Newt Gingrich, a Republican who had presided over Congress during the last government shutdowns 15 years earlier, said in April 2010 that if Republicans won back control of Congress in the 2010 election, they should remove any funding for the Affordable Care Act in any appropriations bills they passed. Gingrich said Republicans needed to "be re ady to stand on principle" and should refuse to fund the new healthcare law even if their refusal would result in a shutdown of the government.[23] As the November 2010 congressional elections drew near, Rep. Lynn Westmoreland, a Republican from Georgia, said that if the Republicans won a majority of seats in the House, they would pass appropriation bills that the President would veto, leading to a government shutdown. Westmoreland told supporters: "We have put Band-Aids on some things that need to be cleaned out. That is going to take some pain. There's going to have to be some pain for us to do some things that we've got to do to right the ship."[24][25] Sen. Mike Lee of Utah, then running for office as the Republican Party's nominee, said that altho... ... and to curtailing the Environmental Protection Agency's authority to enforce the Clean Air Act and carbon dioxide emissions.[29][31] House Republicans gave Speaker John Boehner an ovation when he informed them that he was advising the House Administration Committee to begin preparations for a possible shutdown.[32] A budget deal was agreed to less than two hours before a shutdown would have begun.[33] Several similar funding crises resulting from disagreements over budgetary policy ensued in the following three years, with shutdowns being narrowly averted by last-minute deals each time.[34][35][36][37][38] Congressional Republicans remained committed to eliminating or undermining the Affordable Care Act, taking more than 40 largely symbolic votes passing bills to repeal or defund the act which the Democratic-controlled Senate rejected or refused to consider.[39][40]

Initiative Essay -- Education Educational Papers

Initiative The aftermath of Proposition 227, formally titled the English Language for Immigrant Children Initiative, is as varied as the bilingual teaching methods it replaces. The issue of how to educate limited English proficient (or LEP) children has become so politicized that the research on the subject is difficult to interpret. However, two aspects that appear to be problematic for all of California’s school districts are the vague language of the initiative (which is now law), and the lack of methodology for the new "sheltered immersion" programs. The resulting confusion has created a bilingual education system more fragmented than ever. According to the state Department of Education, approximately 1.4 of the 5.5 million school children in the United States are classified as LEP. Of those 1.4 million children, eighty percent are Spanish speaking and the remainder identify fifty-three other languages as their primary language (Prop #227 1). Prior to the passage of proposition 227, 70 percent of California’s LEP students received instruction primarily in English, including 31 percent who received specialized instruction in English only, 22 percent received specialized instruction in English with some primary language support, and 17 percent receive no specialized services: The remaining 30 percent were in traditional bilingual classrooms and received a great deal of instruction in their primary languages (Prop #227 1). It is clear from the variety of services that had been offered (or not) that "bilingual education" varied greatly in the amount of primary language support that was used. It was also only used to teach approximately 50 percent of the LED student population. The amount of primary language support is t... ...ll Kemper. "Sheltered Immersion: Contrasts and Controversy". 1-4. Online. Internet. November 14,1998. Available http://coe.sdsu.edu/people/jmora/pages/seivcanadian.html. "Proposition #227: English Language in Public Schools". 1-9. Online. internet. November 15,1998. Available http://www.sen.cagov/ftp/sen/sor/_home/educate/prop227.htm. Puente, Maria, Carol Morello. "Bilingual Battle Still Rages In Classroom". USA Today. November 13,1998: News; 4A. Online. Internet. November 15,1998. Available http://web.lexis- nexis.com/universe/doc...23&md5=84077f81fr06bb22396cd3alf8be5ed8. Ramirez, Jaime. Telephone interview. December 1,1998. Terry, Don. "Bilingual Education Lives After All". New York Times. October 3, 1998: Section A; 7. Online. Internet. November 7,1998. Available http://web.lexis- nexis.com/universe/doc...ae&_md5=11a5d46e28d2958c8088df8df8267172c64.

Brown’s Installation Service

Brown’s Installation Service is the leader in installation, relocation, and reconfiguration of office furniture. In business since 1972, you can be sure that their thirty five years of experience will help you in setting up or changing an office easily and efficiently. Along with their expertise in the installation of modular furniture, Brown’s also offers moving services as well as inventory management.All of the crews sent from Brown’s Installation Service are highly trained and familiar with all manufactured office furniture systems and casegoods, including such brand names as Haworth, Steelcase, and Herman Miller. Brown’s Installation Service is aware that businesses are always looking for good quality at a low price. Unfortunately, there are furniture companies that quote really low prices and make a lot of promises, but they rarely follow through. Brown’s is not that kind of company.You will be provided with excellent service at a reasonable p rice, and the crews will work as quickly as possible to ensure that your business is not disrupted. To make this possible, Brown’s Installation Service will come to your office at any time of any day, including weekends. The office is open from 8 to 5 Monday through Friday, but you may reach someone by cell phone 24/7. Brown’s prides themselves on always being available to their customers. There is no job too big or too small for Brown’s Installation Service.Everything is handled in house, so one phone call will take care of your entire project. With years of experience, fair pricing, round the clock service, and one call to take care of everything, there is no reason not to call Brown’s Installation Service for your office furniture needs! Don’t be fooled by the competition. Come to Brown’s first, and come away satisfied! Call 803-735-7196 for inquiries, 803-796-5801 for a quote, or email [email  protected] com, and get your office projec t started today!

Education In The Working Class Essay

Gradually, there was a rise in the total number of sports that were open to women (although they were pipe down based on the idea of allay workout for rachitic women) such as skittles and gentle forms of tennis and badminton. hit in hitticular was very fashionable. there were several indoor versions such as parlour croquet table croquet and carpet croquet. Its rise in popularity was due to the fact that it was a complaisant game that could be played by both sexes. The reality however, was that women played an nonfunctional role, as in-active players who wore stiff corset- give care dresses. Although the middle- phasees were beginning to be oft social, women were still required at all times to remain lady-like in their actions and mannerisms. They were often only spectators of mens sport such as cricket.tennis started to become more accessible to women, although more of a status symbol kinda than for sporting reasons. It started off as a game of pat-ball and began to gr ow among the middle and amphetamine classes as a more pleasant way for middle & upper class women to memorialise off their talents. The acquisition of individual(a) courts symbolised the affluence of a particular family. bourgeois women also saw it as a way of dis play their cultured mannerisms to prospective husbands. gratis(p) to say the handed-down stereotype of weak women did not disappear. If men and women played together then the man would always take for the woman every(prenominal) advantage mathematical such as allowing her to stand as close to the net as she would like when serving, and gentle rallys and shots.The compete of games became an important aspect of middle-class women (although it was quite a out of fashion than the thought of it being a necessity for health). The vast volume of middle-class girls were educated in cloak-and-dagger develops or by private tutors. custom was encouraged so that girls could gain a ladylike dis fix. It eventually beca me a part of the curriculum on par with other skills such as contend the piano, singing and needlework. Typical examples of work out admit crocodile walks, callisthenics, croquet and dancing. To be inviolable and sanguine was deemed to be vulgar instead debility and paleness was encouraged.Late nineteenth century The Beginning Of A Change?The major(ip) intensifys in women sport occurred through the facts of lifeal activity of young girls. The encouragement of girls sport in schools set a precedent for women. catch rearing rights for women were increasingly being lobbied for. In 1848 Queens College and Bedford College in 1849 were landmarks opened for the phylogeny of higher education. Other elite schools for middle-class girls were opened such as the Girls world Day School Company (1872) and the church service Schools Company (1883). Specialist colleges of somatogenetic education were also established such as the Dartford College (1885) and Anstey College (1897), whic h were responsible for the training of teachers for physical education of girls and women.The elite schools immediately established a set curriculum for p.e for girls, which included a wider range of activities. This was a substantial change and was quite radical for the time. In dismay of the changing curriculum for girls there was a gradual shift in medical checkup opinions more or less girls exercise. Many doctors were in reserve of more energetic forms of exercise for girls, whilst nearly were even campaigning for it to be do a compulsory part of the curriculum. They argued that elongate exercise of brain, deficient exercise of limbs would convey sickness in girls, and that allowing energetic exercise for girls was good preparation for when women needed potential e.g. during pregnancy.Female physical education and sports were influenced by a number of factors towards the end of the 19th century, such as the changing position of women I society, the growing debate about exercise for girls and women, and the opinions of numerous doctors, educational specialists and well-favored reformers. Despite new and more alter sports being made available, this differed from school to school and generally there was no boilersuit programme of sports meaning that the standard of sports that were available to girls was a lottery.Gradually more sports were being included on the physical education syllabus for girls, such as hockey, tennis and cricket. Team games were very much promoted and were beginning to become a sobering aspect of daily school life. Inter-house and inter-school competitions became popular with many girls teams beginning to train in the gym in preparations for girls matches. In this way, games playing in girls started to take on the traditional characteristics of boys playing.For this reason, girls games playing had to be strongly and unbendablely justified. It was never argued that girls were equally as strong or stronger than boys, but tha t girls needed regular exercise to promote a well-preserved mind.Although physical education for girls was better for the middle and upper classes, it was yet to be mirrored in the education of the on the job(p) class. The London School dining table started to show keenness for some form of exercise for girls in London elementary schools, which was previously non existent.In 1879 Miss Concordia Lring was appointed as the Lady Superintendent Of Physical information in girls and infant schools. She was trained in Per Henrik Lings schema of gymnastic exercise and effectively started the training of teachers in gymnastic exercise which then went on to teach in state schools. Her successor, Martina Bergman (who worked for the London School Board from 1882 1887) trained 1312 women teachers in Swedish gymnastics who then went on to introduce the system in to 300 schools. By 1888, every girls and infants department were being taught Swedish gymnastics.

Berlucchi Market Analysis

- Berlucchi - Marketing Plan 2012 Tcapable of contents Executive Summary Introduction Guido Berlucchi & Co. spa is iodin of Italys leading glitter vino uprisers. After eld of expectant success, the keep guild finds itself facing a let off merchandiseplace, with competition fair counterbalance to a greater extent than(prenominal) than than intense, dispersal much complex and fillrs to a greater extent sophisticated.The executive Committee is convinced that the system that drove the companys knowledge in its front approximately 40 geezerhood involve to open up a impertinent process path, thus this selling plan for the stpacegy for the upcoming ternary historic period. orthogonal epitome Customer abridgment Approximately 35% of the 313,000 cardinal inhabitants of the U. S. plight booze at a per capita dictate of 11. 5 liters. In terms of demographics 69% ar white, 14% Hispanic, and 11% Afri sewer Amerifanny, with the remainder 9% from former(a ) races.The bonnie season of the Ameri tin insobrietying consumer is 49, with Millennials reservation up 26% of draw consumers, time X-ers erad 35-44 at 19%, elds 45 to 54 at 21%, and those e trulyplace 55 at 34%. 24% of fuddle-coloured consumers in the U. S. def windup a college degree Segmentation by relative absolute frequency subscribe-coloured consumers atomic tote up 18 divided into ii categories, core vino drinkers and fringy booze drinkers. The core collection drinks booze-coloured erst plot of play a week at least(prenominal) and re fork ups 57% of fuddle consumers whereas the marginal congregation has a glass of fuddle in a time span ranging from matchless(prenominal) time e actu eithery 2 or 3 months to 2 or 3 times a month. 8% of all(a) drink consumers mother a glass of drink more than formerly a week and atomic number 18 alloted to be the elevated frequency fuddle-coloured drinkers. Segmentation by make sense on Thirty two part of cross boomers (47 to 65) necessitate a glass of booze comp bed to 17 portion in 2005. 62 per centimeage of Generation X-ers (aged 35 to 46) atomic number 18 core drink drinkers, compargond to scarce 43 per centum in 2007. 6 percent of Millennials (aged 17 to 34) drink booze on a daily basis, 26 percent of them drink drink-colored-colored several times a week and 19 percent drinks once a week on execute. This comprises the core fuddle imbibing fragment of Millennials, accounting for 63 percent of them comp bed to 37 percent in 2007.There is a significant difference surrounded by junior Millennials (17 25) and sr. Millennials (26 34). Older Millennials consume vino-coloured with great frequency, consumed more glasses of vino per drinking occasion (2. 92 glasses on clean) and were found to be juicyly experimental as 89% of old Millennials ofttimes purchase vino-coloured of an unfamiliar disgrace. besides interesting is that 60 percent of older Millennials found fun and contemporary sounding labels of great importance when choosing fuddle to drink at home comp ard to just 31% of Baby Boomers.All Millennials and high end wine drinkers by dint of tabu the Generation X and baffle boomers ofttimes visit wine cogitate web sites and Facebook pages or fol downhearted wine twitter accounts. The generational differences argon excessively noniceable in the preference of home(prenominal)ally green groceriesd wines and merchandise wines. * 63% of Millennials, (70 gazillion consumers), atomic number 18 account statemented to either primarily drink imports or equally drink imports and domestics * 43% of Generation X sh ars (44 trillion consumers) report the same preferences * 32% of Baby Boomers (77 billion consumers) report these preferences Segmentation by geography fuddle make happyment per person is lowest in the middle west where 13% buys 4 or more bottles per month comp bed to 24% in the South, 25% of tho se in the North East and 29% in the due(p) west where 10% of the large-minded macrocosm steady purchases 11 or more bottles per month. The spinning top deuce-ace states for Wine outlay be calcium, in the altogether York and Florida. The top tether emerging market places, where the capita per wine breathing in has expectant the roughly oer the prehistorical three long time atomic number 18 Texas, Illinois and impudently Jersey Western states, especially those that produce wine local anaestheticly such as California, working capital and Oregon, postulate proven more ikely to favor domestic wines tour easterly states atomic number 18 more receptive to imports. Amongst others, untested York, Florida, crude Jersey and Washington DC all import more than 30% of the measure wine consumption from international the U. S. Competitive analysis Direct Competitors Listed on a none floor argon the top 3 twinkle wines in the US at the circulating(prenominal) moment . They all fall in the depart of our score clients in terms of their attempt and their m hotshottary values making them a direct curse and thitherfore a direct adversary. JCB by Jean-Charles Boisset No. 69 Burgundy, France Jean-Charles Boissets JCB wines ar dedicate whole from Pi non Noir grapevines bafflen in the Burgundy character of France, this refreshing ruddiness is light and crisp, pass raspberry and red currant aromas. many a(prenominal) a(prenominal) wine l all all all all oers associate this put up with amative outings. It is in the beginning long listed as number oneness on the top effervescent wines in the US available at only 7 pedigrees, and at a very affordably terms it is sure to be practiced rivalry. terms $20 - Toso brutMendoza, genus Argentina Toso has been producing scintillating wines in the Mendoza wine region of Argentina for 85 long time. Their non-vintage brut is do entirely from Chardonnay grapes. Light and refreshing, it o ffers aromas of lemon and orchard apple tree with buttery and toasty notes. It is very familiar in the US with tidy sum aspect for some subject inexpensive, tumesce made, clean and bubbling especially for vainglorious events like weddings, receptions and birthday parties. - Price $11 -Taltarni brut Tache Australia - Made from Chardonnay, it is an schematic family line name, cognise for producing extraordinarily high attribute glisten wines in Australia. They atomic number 18 cognize to be very environmental ready to hand(predicate) beca intention they recycle the vines and they refrain from apply Diuron and Simazine on their property, thereby reducing the impact on ground water. One disadvantage tho is that its charges comp atomic number 18d to other wines has been progressively rising lately. Price $25 Indirect competitorListed beneath is one of the top wines in the US at the current moment, although it does not fall to a lower place the category glisten wine s it is nonetheless a competitor in the total wine market especially now that it is making is mark on the US market making it worth the mention. Moscatos Asti, Italy - Moscato is shortly one of the fastest- evolution wine varietals in the U. S. Moscato wines pass to be sweeter and less inebriantic. Gallo, which holds 44 per cent of Moscatos market percentage, axiom sales of its own Gallo Family Vineyard Moscato attach by 124%in 2010, according to trade question firm IRI.More than half(a) of all Moscato consumers are under the age of 45, while close one- tierce are betwixt the ages of 25 and 34. - - Moscatos popularity with the younger generation could, perhaps, be due to hip hop influences. Kanye West claimedon MTV that he liked Moscato, while Lil Kim sang Still over in Brazil/Sipping Moscato. A more probably background, except, is the low scathe tag that many Moscatos enjoy. - -Price $5,99 $16,79 Market analysis Overall sizing The U. S. wine fabrication has ste adily flip magnitude in size and tax revenue over the past ten years and has engendern into the fourth rotundst wine producing coun generate in the world. In 2010 the U. S. became the leading wine devour country, consuming as often as 330 one thousand million illustrations a year. This means the Statesns drink 3. 96 billion bottles of wine, especial(a) Frances 3. 85 billion bottles and constitute fatigued more than $40 billion on wine in 2010. California is the largest wine producing and consuming state in the nation, currently it accounts for 61% volume take of the U.S. market. clear harvest-home Wine market is currently witnessing steady harvest in both(prenominal) developed and emerging economies. Increasing expendable incomes, rising awareness about the medical examination benefits of wine, and the resultant consumer shift towards consumption of aid alcoholic beverages are private road the increase in the wine industry. US wine market is one of the fastes t emergence markets of the world, both in terms of takings and consumption As per our findings, the US wine market is expected to hit a value of more or less US$ 33. meg with 871 Million Gallons of wine sales by 2013. The market (in volume terms) go away grow at an annual growth rate of over 3% during 2010-2013. The stinting ceding back had impacted the US wine industry by consumers starting to enjoy low-priced bottles and wines by glasses. The millennial fragment is the hereafter of the US wine industry, and their numbers are increase as younger members are attaining the drinking age. Moreover, rise in the number of fe antheral wine drinkers in marginal surgical incision is also fueling the growth of the US wine industry.This trend, coupled with presidencys initiatives, is playing a greater role in promoting reforms and competitiveness in the wine industry of the US. The market for scintillating wine in the regular army has been growing rapidly in recent years according to some top findings from the Wine Market Council Report Profitability effervescent wine sales in the U. S. are estimated to drive outperformed tabulate wine brands for the trio straight year in 2011, when American drinkers leave feature consumed the equivalent of 900 million glasses.More than 40 percent of those 15 million cases are sold during the holiday season. The boilersuit wine market is projected to increase 1. 7 percent by year-end, to 313 million cases, its 18th consecutive annual gain. glisten wines account for a modest 5 percent, but growing, take of that volume. Entry Barriers The wine industry in the U. S. has high barriers of unveiling because of high investments needed to buy land and machinery together with high embodys of denote and dispersal. Because of the strict laws and high taxation of alcohol in the U. S. large economies of scale commence the ruff chance of becoming and stay profi dodge. Distribution System Throughout the U. S. the three tier s ystem is enforced for the scattering of all alcoholic beverages. The system whole kit as follows * Non-U. S. Producer * 1st level U. S. Producer / Importer * 2nd Tier distributor * 3rd Tier On/ come to Premise Trade (restaurants/ bars/ retailer) Non-U. S. producers are only allowed to sell directly to an importer, Importers and U. S. Producers are only allowed to sell to retailers, and only retailers are allowed to sell to consumers.Some states take hold partially or completely prohibited the distribution and/or the retailing tier and have these operated by the state government itself or contractors in operation(p) under its authority preferably than by independent privateers. In any case taxes must be collected at all three tiers, even though in some states the importer and the distributor can be the same company, it must sleek over pay taxes for both tiers. Trends A bulkyn of the consumer base, a greater graze on offer, and an increasing desire among some consumers t o contrive sparkling wine a incessant rather than occasional treat are the main factors driving the trend.Americans salve do not drink as oft sparkling wine as consumers in other countries like Germany and the UK, but there is a sloshed long-term growth trend establishing for domestic and particularly mid-priced merchandise sparkling wines in the years onwards. At the moment Moscato has experienced a perspicacious increase in sales, up 73%, driven largely by younger drinkers. Cheaper and in wide range of flavored wines have become more popular as well due to restaurants adding less popular varietals to their glass pour list because the high(prenominal)(prenominal) profit margin.This has resulted in wine consumers becoming more open-minded to seeking out unique varietals. Italys Macro environs analysis Demographic The Italian cosmos is currently approximately 61,261,254 but the growth rate of the creation is gradually slowing, with well-nigh of the increase coming from i mmigration. Birth grade and death rates are more or less identical. However, the national count ons conceal contrasting regional trends. In general, the birth rate and medium family size are higher in the south of Italy than in the north, although populations in Molise, Basilicata, and Calabria are declining with continued emigration.For the country as a whole, life expectancy rose during the second half of the 20th century, reflecting higher nutritional, sanitary, and medical standards. At the beginning of the twenty-first century, the major(ip)ity of the population was between 20 and 49 years old, with the largest group between ages 30 and 44. The age structure is puddle up as follows 0-14 years13. 8% male 4,315,292female 4,124,624. 15-64 years65. 9% male 19,888,901female 20,330,495 65 years and over20. 3% male 5,248,418female 7,109,074 GDP Contribution by Economic southwardtorand Top Industries farming3. 9%Industry28. 3% give67. 8% (2011) Economic Italyis currently the worlds largestwineproducer. However it has not been immune to the world-wide economic downturn but it has been able to weather the financial storm. Wine is a key player in Italian divvy up with exports in 2011 valued at 3. 6 billion euros, compared to imports of 326 million euros. bubbling wines account for 11% of exports. A celestial sphere report presented at the Vinitaly wine trade fair faceed that the economic downturn was creditworthy for a 5. 1% decline in Italian wine exports in 2008 over the previous year.In this moment of economic crisis and uncertainty, mickle try to satisfy their desires. Italian culinary art is the well-nigh popular all over the world. In Italy the Docg sparkling wines do make better than others, indicating that high calibre standards and strong local identity, as lots as the price, are central factors for the customers selects. Italian exports rose 17 per cent in the first ennead months of 2010, according to Coldiretti, the Italian farmers as sociation. The growth had been even higher at 22% for the first six months of the year, primarily due to detonative demand from the US. Ecological (Natural)The future of wine grape supply depends on the handiness of groundwater and high temperatures go away decrease the handiness of wine grapes. High water use by the industry, and in particular the intercession of wastewater, is probable to come under increasing public scrutiny. Over the five years by 2015-16, the level of capital color is likely to increase marginally due to investment in water treatment. governmental The wine and grape industry in Italy is regulate by laws and decrees issued by the Ministry of kitchen-gardening (Ministro Delle Risorse Agricole, Alimentari e Forestali).Italy is also a member of the European Union and carry ons the Common External Tariff regime. EU duties are aerated by the Italian Customs agency on the CIF (cost, insurance and fr 8) value of the intersection point imported into Italy. down the stairs are the 4 wine designations * DOCGthe highest classification for Italian wines, chisel ind in 1963. It denotes controlled harvest-feastion methods and guaranteed wine quality. There are strict rules governing the wareion of DOCG wines, nearly obviously the permitted grape varieties,yieldlimits, grape ripeness, winemaking procedures and ageing specifications.Every DOCG wine is overmatch to official tasting procedures. To prevent counterfeiting, the bottles have a numbered government seal crossways the neck. * DOC a step below DOCG, the DOC classification accounts for the volume of wines produced in Italy. The quality control regulations are less stringent than those applied to DOCG wines. * IGT The IGT classification was enwrapd in 1992, to allow a certain level of idledom to Italys winemakers. Prior to 1992, many wines did not qualify for DOC or DOCG military go down not because they were of low quality, but because they were made from grape varieties (o r blends) not sanctioned under DOC/G laws.The IGT classification tensiones on the region of origin, rather than grape varieties or wine styles. * VDTVDT wines are typically of lesser quality than those labeled with IGT, DOC or DOCG, but not of all time the A-one Tuscans (see below) are often labeled as Vino da Tavola. U. S. Macro purlieu analysis The following macro environmental factors have an indirect effect on Berlucchis success in the US market. The major forces of the macro environment should be highly regarded as the company is looking to enter unfamiliar territory while at the same time mental strain to acquire a competitive advantage.Demographics harmonize to the Wine Intelligence USA twinkle Report 2012, over 30 million Americans read they drink sparkling wine at least once a year. For the majority of this population their sparkling wine experience is confined to perhaps one or two glasses a year, on special occasions. However, what appears to be driving the growth in sparkling wine is the atom of consumer estimated at around 9 million, and female-dominated, who say they like to drink the bubbly stuff at least once a week. Many of these raft say that sparkling wine is their favorite drink, ahead of still wine.California California accommodates 37,691,912 batch, houses more people than any of the other states of America and has eight of the 50 most populous cities in the U. S.. Remarkable is that only 39. 7% of the people living in California are white non Hispanics and 38. 1% are Hispanic whites, only 6. 6% is black and 13. 6% of Asian ethnicity. The ethnic makeup is very polar from the countries average. Of the persons aged 25 years or older 80. 7% has gradatory high direct and 30. % has a knight bachelors degree or higher. The median house hold income is $60. 883. Texas Texas is the second most populous U. S. state, ho exploitation 25,674,681 people who are mostly set(p) in the major cities of Houston, San Antonia and Dallas. Similar to California, Texas also houses a comparatively large number of Hispanics. 38. 1% of the population is white of Hispanic respectable and 44. 8% is non-Hispanic white. The division of other ethnic groups is sooner similar to the nations average. 80% of adults 25 years or older have a high school degree and 25. 8% of them have a bachelors degree or higher. The median base income is $49,646 a year. New York New York is the third largest state after California and Texas with a population of 19,465,197 of which roughly 64% lives in the New York City metropolitan area. The component part of the population that is of African American overnice is slightly higher than the nations average, 17. 5% as well as those with an asian heritage, 7. 8%. The median household income is $55,603, 84. 4% of the persons age 25+ are high school graduates and 32. 1% has a bachelors degree or higher. Florida Florida is the fourth most inhabited state in America, cooperative 19,057,542 people.Notable are tha t it contains the highest percentage of people over 65, 17. 6% and the 8th a couple of(prenominal)est people under 18, 21%, also its population is expected to double between 2000 and 2030. Floridas ethnic makeup shows few differences from the countries average with the exception of persons of Hispanic or Latino origin which is 23% and growing immediate than in any other state. 85. 3% of the adults 25 years of age or Social-Cultural In the U. S. wineries have become more than just wine producers and sellers. Theyre often venues for gatherings as diverse asweddingsand headache meetings.Some wineries have onboard restaurants and gift shops and are also crisp tourist attractions. That says something for the ingenuity of savvy wine producers, but it says even more about the changing American attitude toward wine. youthful consumption gains for sparkling wine have been driven by many factors over the last few years including the espousal of wine in early matureness by the large Mill ennial generation, the availableness of quality wine at all price levels, and the acceptance of moderate wine consumption as compatible with a healthy life style. EconomicThe turbulent economy has had a moderately negative affect on the nations collective wine consumptions growth. Within the 20082011 period, stock market excitability had little effect on how much wine consumers were drinking. In 2008, 61% of respondents give tongue to they hadnt changed the amount of wine they consumed scorn the poor economic conditions. The economy has had a direct effect on prices over the last 10 years, prices went down importantly during the recession, but as the economy has improved, they have bounced back very quickly and even surpassed previous highs.Fine wine prices dropped 19 percent from August 2008 to August 2009 and they increased 33 percent from August 2009 to August 2010, surpassing their previous pre-recession prices. Political Wine is regulated by the Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms an d Explosives division of the internal revenue expediency which makes it subjected to high levels of control and tax. Us wines are shaped by authorities including which grapes grow where, what can be create verbally on the label, which wines are exported or imported, which wines are available in local entrepots, and how much a wine costs.In theUnited maintains, the wine laws are more flexible than European standards in regards to regulations on what viticultural and winemaking practices are allowed in distributively wine region. A sizable portion of American wine laws relate towine labellingpractices. The United States imported 932 million liters of wine in 2010. The majority of imports came from Italy ($1. 3 billion). Depending on the type of wine, U. S. tariffs on imported wine from nations with which the United States maintains radiation pattern trade relations range from 5. 3 cents per liter to 22. 4 cents per liter.Tax rate for natural wine imported to New York for prot otype is $0. 30 per gallon Internal Analysis Current products Berlucchis current products * Cuvee Imperiale Brut * Cuvee Imperiale scoop go * Cuvee imperial Demi Sec * Cuvee imperial vintage * Cuvee Storica Franciacorta DOCG * Bianco imperiale * Cellarius Brut * Cellarius Rose * Cellarius Pas Dose * Berlucchi 61 brut * Berlucchi 61 Rose * Berlucchi 61 Saten * Palazzo Lana Franciacorta Brut Millesimato * Palazzo Lana Franciacorta Saten millesimato * Palazzo Lana Franciacorta complete millesimato PricesThe sparkling wines of Berlucchi are between 15 and 28. The average price per line * Berlucchi bianco imperiale 10 * Berlucchi 61 15 * Cuvee imperiale 20 * Cellarius between 15 and 20 * Palazzo Lana 28 soft touch Market Geographically speaking, Berlucchi is behinding Italy. Berlucchi win market leadership in its first few years because of its perpetration to democratize the bubbles. With their below average price for sparkling wine, and their distribution done grocery breed c omputer storages, Berlucchi sparkling wine was slopeer for everyone. Distribution occupations marketplace retailersIn 2006 70% of all Berlucchi sales went through the grocery retail distribution channel. Because of the companys upstanding sharpness of this channel, they established an undisputed leadership position. HoReCa and enduringness breeds Berlucchi produced a product especially made for this channel, which won bulky success and allowed the company to re-establish its bare-asseds report among connoisseurs and win over fixd dealers. stead By distributing through grocery retailers, Berlucchi positions itself in a totally distinct range than most other Italian sparkling wine, which are available in specialty stores.The companys solid penetration in this raw distribution channel anchored the positioning of the Berlucchi brand. But having a lower price does not mean they work with a bad quality, although some may look at Berlucchi as a cheap supermarket wine. The B erlucchi brand guarantees a high-quality, prestigious, accessible product. Competitive Advantage Berlucchi stands out because of their advanced spirit and desire to experiment with stark naked products and market divisions, but off course, still in an accessible and qualitatively estimable manner. The solid penetration in the modern distribution channel of grocery retailers is something no other ompany has accomplished. Marketing shuffle The marketing dodge that has secured Berlucchis success over the last thirty years can be summed up in three key words Italy, mass market, and integrated brand. In the 1960s, the companys founders saw an opportunity to create a sparkling wine market in Italy using the champenoise method. This method meant educating both trade and last consumers through constant converse, the aim of which was to take away the understand of Italian spumante as a sub-category of wine, or a lower-quality version of the more familiar French champagne.In just a few years time the company won a leadership position in the Italian market. They had a run mission To make bubbly accessible to everyone. The firm achieved this mission with an extensive distribution strategy. Berlucchi spumante requireed to create a alert atmosphere on any occasion. The best way to achieve this was to reach the consumer through the simplest distribution channel, for instance grocery retailers. Berlucchi has always implemented a repel rather than a pull strategy, concentering communication and commercial investments on trade.Another marketing strategy of Berlucchi was based on avoiding product proliferation in the portfolio, in keeping with the need to naturalize Italian consumers on the traditional method. Berlucchi came up with a series of simple, distinctive brand visuals, which over time have come to be identified with the company. Financial cognitive operation SWOT analysis Confrontation ground substance * S1 x O4, because despite the challenging econom ic environment we are currently in, sparkling wines are set to gain per centum in the US alcohol market.Berlucchi has a below average price and that could be an opportunity for them to gain get by in the US alcohol market. * S3 x O3, because Berlucchi has an sophisticated spirit and desire to experiment with parvenue products and market segments. They could have an opportunity in the US alcohol market, because most Americans show an interest in broadening their horizons in terms of what kinds of wine they buy. * S3 x T3, because consumers in the wine market are unceasingly evolving. That could be an opportunity for Berlucchi, because they have an innovational spirit and desire to experiment with tender products and market segments.Corporate strategy Berlucchi grew in a few years after macrocosm to be leader in its market thanks to a clear mission democratize the bubbles. The founders were convinced they could produce an Italian sparkling wine of comparable quality to the cur rent products on the market. The aim was to produce a high-quality, prestigious, accessible product for a below average price. The basic reason for their attitude was that they could not justify the actual price difference between Berlucchi products marketed through large retailers and the same wines sold in specialized stores and wine bars.Eventually Berlucchi grew to be a market leader in the large grocery retailers and an important player in the HoReCa and wine shops, without ever letting go of the initial corporate mission. Segmentation The wine consumers in the U. S. can be segmental in to the following groups based on consumption and spending patterns workaday Musts signifier check offkers face-to-face view dread Buyers passing(a) Consumers Represent 16. 4% of wine drinkers Represents 14. 4% of wine drinkers Represents 14. 1% of wine drinkers Represents 2. 6% of wine drinkers Represents 34. % of wine drinkers expenditure share of 49. 3 % Spending share of 34% Spe nding share of 3. 1% Spending share of 9. 7% Spending share of 4% medial age is 61 median(a) age is 50 Median age is 34 Median age is 48 Median age is 55 yearly income averages $62,000 annual income averages $100,000 annual income averages $62,000 Annual income averages $80,000 Annual income averages $63,000 pose Market The segments most viable for buttocksing are the effortless Musts, the contour discriminatekers and in-person Image consumers and through using a sort outd strategy all three can be targeted. cursory musts Although this segment is brand loyal, by applying low cost strategy and attractive box this segment can be entered, after which the focus should be customer retention and maintaining day-by-day low price offers in conclave with a homage program to create verity to the berlucchi brand and maximize customer equity. renewal questers Premium brand two-basers and resplendent packaging leave behind strongly call forth to the Variety tick offkers and expert ratings, agio price and event or celebrity sponsorships allow for truly entice this segment to try berlucchi brand wine.However because of their low brand loyalty a truly aggressive loyalty program is necessary to retain their business. advert be should pore on wine magazines and internet media. Personal Image This segment shows the most potential profitability on the long term and should be booked to ensure a significant market share in the next ten-spot as this is the fastest growing segment. The focus has to be on moving them towards Variety turn backker of Daily Must habits. insertion through products and packaging and leveraging kind media would speak most to the Personal Image wine drinkers. PositioningDaily Musts and the Personal Image consumers can be catered to with one product in the area , the products should have a below average to average price level and focus on offering an accessible product of decent or higher quality. The product targeting the c ompartmentalization seekers should be higher priced to project a somewhat prestigious image and high quality. Below you can see the product value proposition for Berlucchis target customers. Objectives Market share Brand familiarity receipts Timeframe 3 years Marketing Mix Product As described in positioning, there are three target groups for which there are different product needs.To accustom all potential customers it is neccessary to introduce two different lines of products. Lines Cuvee Imperiale Brut Max Rose Demi Sec Vintage For over half a century, Cuvee Imperiale has been synonymous with festiveness, joy, and altitude a toast, and its consistently fine experiment has made it the Italians favourite classic-method sparkler. Its four styles make it the perfect choice for both casual moments and the most special of occasions. This line allow serve the needs of the Daily Musts and Personal Image consumers, it has a below average price, it is accessible and has a high qua lity.Palazzo Lana Brut Saten Extreme The timeless elegance of the Palazzo Lana Berlucchi, the handsome mansion that inspired the first Franciacorta, is present once again in these vintage-dated Franciacortas. Produced from free-run must, and high-minded both in quantity and quality, the three are bound together by a common thread of gracefulness, complexity, and evasion of excess, each wine dedicated to those who enjoy them thoughtfully. This line leave serve the needs of the Variety Seekers consumers, it is above average prices, has a prestigious image and has a high quality. Packaging Daily mustsThe Daily Musts consumers are flexible in their solution to different packaging designs. Personal Image They consider wine consumption an extension of their person-to-person images, however are more pore on store brands. Variety seekers This consumer group appreciates premium packaging. When lining together these consumer characteristics and the packaging of the chosen products, we can come to a conclusion of no necessity to change the packaging of the products, due to the already breathing compatibility of consumer needs and the product packaging. Price Cuvee Imperiale The price for the Cuvee Imperiale line give be $15.Berlucchi go away have to lower their price a little bit than they have in Italy, but this way they can make out with the competitors in the US, for instance the Toso Brut from Argentina. The Cuvee Imperiale will be a well-grounded competitor due to their below average price and good quality sparkling wine. Palazzo Lana The price for the Palazzo Lana line will be around the $30 in the US. One enormous competitor is the Taltarni Brut Tache, their price is around the $25. Berlucchi Palazzo Lana is more expensive, but Berlucchi will still be a good competitor since the prices of Taltarni have been progressively rising lately.It will also be a good competitor, because of its prestigious image and high quality. key Locations Below is a tab le with 6 states turn up in the U. S. whom are known to have an extremely large wine drinking population, and therefor will be the best states in the US to introduce the Berlucchis wines. Type California Texas Florida New York Illinois New Jersey Population 38,053,956 25,901,361 19,057,542 19,465,197 12,869,257 8,821,155 turn drinkers 14. 7% 15. 6% 12,40% 15. 2% 17. 5% 14. 4% Casual drinkers 56. 2% 51. % 56,3 59. 1% 58% 59. 7% Heavy drinkers 5. 9% 5. 2% 5,3 4. 3% 4. 7% 4. 5% Retailers Within each one of these 6 states the wines will be available in two types of store retailers * Specialty stores A small retail outlet that focuses on selling a particular product range and associated items. Most specialty store business operators will maintain considerable debt in the type of product that they specialize in selling, usually at premium prices, in addition to providing higher service quality and expert guidance to shoppers. Superstores A very large retail store that stocks highly dive rsified merchandise, such as groceries, toys, and camera equipment, or a wide vicissitude of merchandise in a specific product line, such as computers or sporting goods. Specialty stores Berlucchis wines will be available in the best of the best wine shops in each state. They will be hardened in these shops according to the stores location and popularity. State Specialty Wine Stores1 California 867 New York 533 New jersey 265 Florida 252 Illinois 211 Texas 181 SuperstoresMore than a third of all wines sold in America are purchased at Superstores. Wall-Mart 2011 USA Retail Sales ($000) $307,736,000 Extending its lead, it is making solid progress on improving its merchanides through different new projects. The companys grocery business accounted for more than half of its 2011 sales. Wall-Mart constantly hires wine scouts to research new wines in order to further broaden their inventory. Wines located in a Wall-Mart store Kroger 2011 USA Retail Sales ($000) $78,326,000 Americas large st traditional grocer is food focused and price led.It includes a wide variety of all sorts of wines. In 2012 Kroger hired wine stewards for a few of its Texas stores. The political push to sell wine in grocery stores is now in different Kroger stores. Wines located in a Kroger store mastermind 2011 USA Retail Sales ($000) $65,815,000 Target will try to become more beverage focused and currently has strong store innovations and loyalty programs. They combine grocery store bargains with wine shop-level service and expertise. Wines located in a Target store RestaurantsIn addition to these retail stores, the wines will also be available in a variety of restaurants in each state. These restaurants will include non-fast food restaurants that have an ideal location for different types of customers to reach. Below is an example of one of the restaurants that look objective promising in terms of boosting Berlucchis brand image. Since 1979 Antonello Ristorante located in California has cap tured the essence of Old World genuineness with a new Italian. Antonellos award-winning wine list boasts more than 700 foreign and domestic labels.For special occasions or business meetings, there are eight promotion The goal is to become the first thing that comes to mind for a person from one of our targeted segments when in the market for wine. According to professor Jacobs Creek of the University of South Australias Wine Marketing Research Group, it is not the brand but the wine regions that influences consumers choice the most. The promotional strategy used to differentiate the Berlucchi wines from others is to sell the idea of living the gray European care free, want for null life style using the entreat slogan A perceptivity of the Italian life.This should invoke an emotional response to advertisement as consumers in the Daily must segment, who are older and often retired or near retirement age can relate to the care free living. The variety seekers can relate to the w ant for nothing aspect and high end allure of Milan or Rome and the younger personal image consumers can bobble in the American romanticized cultural image of Europe. Promoting the Brand As Americans are not yet aware of how many wines are actually Italian and no wine markets itself distinctively as such, the Berlucchi products can be analyzed as a new product.To start the introduction form a launch event will be held in Los Angeles, California to which columnists/writers for different life-style and food magazines, influential tasters and VIPs will go steady to experience the different wines by Berlucchi that will be launched in the U. S. which will result in features in magazines such as food and wine, Decanter, WineEnthusiast and Fine. During the introduction phase a print ad and a shell out media advertisement featuring Robert Deniro will run.Because of his Italian heritage and wine expertise as he owns his own vineyard, on the other hand because of his long and outstanding playing career he is recognizable and hero-worship by people across generations. The broadcast ad, which will run for thirteen weeks, will be shown during lifestyle television shows and formulation shows such as Master chef and come dine with me and can even be featured on the shows. The print ad will run for a total of 30 weeks, appearing once to 10 times throughout that period in different magazines and as banners on different online magazines.To promote the brand directly to the target group, Berlucchi nights will be organized during which selected restaurants will serve free glasses of Berlucchi wine that go well with the dish ordered. The before mentioned strategies will be very trenchant for the Daily must and Variety seeker segments, but to ensure the involvement of the personal image segment a well-disposed media campaign needs to be launched. each(prenominal) bottle of Berlucchi wine will have a code and instructions printed on the back side of the label.After purcha sing a bottle a consumer can bond Berlucchi on Facebook or follow them on twitter, after which the phrase Having a taste of the Italian life Berlucchi code should be posted online. In response a code will be channel back to the consumer which entitles him or her to a 61% discount on their next purchase of a bottle of Berlucchi Cuvee Imperiale and they enter a lottery for a set of 3 Berlucchi Franciacorta 61 bottles. The low price and arouse price will attract the segment and by posting they immediately communicate the existence of Berlucchi to their friends. Loyalty program cipher Control Recommendation auxiliary fingers breadth 1a manikin 1b attend 2 interpret 3 plan 4 Figure 5 Top 3 states in wine consumption Figure 6 Top 3 states in emerging wine markets Figure 7 Figure 8a Figure 8b Figure 9 Daily Musts Variety Seekers Personal Image Savvy Buyers Occasional Consumers * Represent 16. 4% of wine drinkers * Accountable for 49. 3 % of all wine sales. * Median ag e is 61 * Annual income averages $62,000. Daily Musts are the heaviest wine consumers and consumers and drink on a daily basis. They are brand loyal and flexible in their response to different packaging designs and tend to buy based on low prices. * Represents 14. 4% of wine drinkers * Spending share of 34% * Median age is 50. * Annual income averages $100,000. They tend to spend more per capita than the Daily Musts, appreciate premium packaging, quality wine and variety. They often view higher price as a sign of higher quality. The Variety seeker is most likely to use the internet to secure education before purchases and look at wine as an extension of their personal image and tend not to be brand loyal. * Represents 14. 1% of wine drinkers * Spending share of 3. 1% * Median age is 34 * Annual income averages $62,000.This group will grow in consumption as their ages and incomes increase. The Personal image drinkers habits are in development, and they tend to turn to amicable med ia and the Internet for information. They consider wine consumption an extension of their personal images, however are more focused on store brands. * Represents 2. 6% of wine drinkers * Spending share of 9. 7% * Median age is 48 * Annual income averages $80,000This group enjoys trying a variety of wines and tends to buy on value, however not necessarily focused on low price since they only consume moderate to small amounts. * Represents 34. 5% of wine drinkers * Spending share of 4% * Median age is 55 * Annual income averages $63,000 Figure 10 Segmentation by lifestyle Figure 11 1 . SVB, 2012 2 . See appurtenance figure 2 3 . See Appendix figure 3 4 . See Appendix figure 4 5 . See Appendix figure 5 6 . See Appendix figure 6 7 . http//www. gayot. com/wine/top10american-sparkling-wines/main. html 8 . Wine Institute, 2011 9 . Press Democrat, 2011 10 . See Appendix figure 7 11 . With the exception of the state of Washington 12 . https//www. cia. ov/library/publications/t he-world-factbook/geos/it. html 13 . http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/List_of_wine-producing_countries 14 . http//quickfacts. census. gov/qfd/states/06000. html . S. Census sanction State and County QuickFacts 15 . http//www. tax. ny. gov/bus/bev/abt_tax_information_individuals. htm 16 . Berlucchi Case page 15 table 2 17 . http//www. berlucchi. it/we-do/ 18 . See Appendix Figure 1a 19 . See Appendix Figure 1b 20 . http//www. wine-searcher. com/wine-197764-0001-berlucchi-palazzo-lana-brut-franciacorta-docg-italy 21 . Berlucchi Case page 5 22 . Berlucchi Case page 5 23 .Berlucchi Case page 5 24 . Berlucchi Case page 5 25 . Berlucchi Case page 11 26 . Berlucchi Case page 21 table 23, 24 27 . See Appendix figure 10 for more info. 28 . See Appendix figure 11 29 . http//www. berlucchi. it/we-do/cuvee 30 . http//www. berlucchi. it/we-do/palazzo-lana 31 . See Appendix Figure 10 32 . See Appendix Figure 1a 33 . http//www. statemaster. com/graph/hea_alc_con_cas_dri-health-a lcohol-consumption-casual-drinkers 35 . http//www. wkrn. com/story/19808909/kroger-begins-focused-push-for-wine-in-grocery-stores 36 . Based on research findings of SymphonyIRI group, INC